TiO₂-reinforced PVA/HPMC/CMC ternary bio-blend electrolytes for advanced energy storage devices
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106509الكلمات المفتاحية:
PVA/HPMC/CMC ternary blend ، TiO₂ nanoparticles ، Polymer electrolyte ، Dielectric capacitor ، Advanced energy storage devicesالملخص
This study develops and characterizes eco-friendly ternary polymer electrolytes composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), reinforced with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, for high-performance energy-storage applications. PVA/HPMC/CMC/TiO2 nanocomposites were fabricated via solution casting and characterized using XRD, FTIR, UV–Vis spectroscopy, SEM, TEM, and impedance spectroscopy to investigate their structural, optical, dielectric, and electrical properties. XRD results revealed that the incorporation of TiO2 suppressed crystallinity and promoted the formation of an amorphous phase, thereby favoring ion mobility. Optical analysis revealed band-gap narrowing with the addition of TiO2 (4.63 eV direct, 2.88 eV indirect), indicating enhanced electronic transitions and light absorption. Impedance measurements demonstrated optimized ionic conductivity (2.63 × 10−7 S cm−1 at 1.2 wt% TiO2) and a high dielectric constant (∼1264), resulting from interfacial polarization and additional conduction pathways. A pronounced decrease in bulk resistance (1.5 kΩ at 1.2 wt% TiO₂ vs. 8.2 kΩ for the pristine blend) further confirmed enhanced charge transport with reduced energy loss-key factors for high-performance capacitors and microelectronic devices. These findings highlight the crucial role of TiO2 nanoparticles in tuning and tailoring the functional properties of PVA/HPMC/CMC electrolytes, thereby providing a sustainable, scalable, and cost-effective platform for next-generation capacitive energy storage systems.المراجع
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