Structural, optical, electrical, and dielectric properties of HPMC/PVP blend reinforced with I2O5 for optoelectronics and energy storage applications

Authors

  • Maha Aiiad Alenizi Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences-Arar, Northern Border University, P.O. Box 1321, 91431, Arar, Saudi Arabia Author
  • E. H. Mater Department of Mechatronics, College of Engineering and Smart Computing, Modern Specialized University, Sana’a, Yemen Author
  • G.M. Asnag Emirates International University image/svg+xml Author
  • S. A. Al-Ghamdi Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia Author
  • Amani M. Al-Harthi Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia Author
  • Reem Alwafi Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia Author
  • E. M. Abdallah Department of Basic Sciences, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamassa, Mansoura, Egypt Author
  • Ahmed N. Al-Hakimi Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraidah, 51452, Saudi Arabia Author
  • Eman Alzahrani Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia Author
  • Randa A. Althobiti Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Bisha, P.O. Box 551, Bisha, 61922, Saudi Arabia Author
  • E. M. Abdelrazek Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt Author
  • A. A. Al-Muntaser Department of Physics, Faculty of Education and Applied Sciences at Arhab, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen Author
  • Abdu Saeed Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia Department of Physics, Thamar University, Thamar, 87246, Yemen Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-024-04181-3

Keywords:

I2O5 , HPMC/PVP blend , Composite electrolytes , Energy storage

Abstract

Herein, HPMC/PVP/I2O5 composite samples were prepared from the blend of two polymers, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), filled with different concentrations of iodine pentoxide (I2O5) as fillers by using the solution casting technique for advanced applications in optoelectronics and energy storage. The addition of I2O5 as a filler aims to enhance the optical and electrical properties of HPMC/PVP/I2O5 composite samples. Comprehensive characterizations were conducted to elucidate the structural, optical, and electrical/dielectric properties relationships and to assess the suitability of these materials for required applications. XRD scans demonstrate the semi-crystalline structure of the pure blend and show a decrease in the degree of crystallinity due to the incorporation of I2O5. UV-Vis spectroscopy indicated enhanced optical properties within the composites, characterized by a reduction in the indirect/direct optical energy gap of 4.74/5.14 eV for pure HPMC/PVP matrix to 2.61/3.64 eV for the polymeric matrix containing 5 wt% I2O5. Furthermore, the incorporation of I2O5 led to a significant increase in AC conductivity compared to the pristine polymer blend. The dielectric constant (ε′) increased in the low-frequency region due to space charge polarization. In the dielectric properties, space charge polarization revealed higher values, where the ε′ increased at lower frequency regions. Nyquist plots exhibited distinctive features, including semicircles at low frequencies and inclined lines at high frequencies. The decrease in the radius of these semicircles with increasing filler content suggests a correlation with the composite’s electrical properties. Electrical equivalent circuit models have described these observations. These findings collectively suggest the potential of these composites as bandgap tuners, optical sensors, tunable dielectrics, and promising candidates for solid polymer electrolytes. Their incorporation could significantly advance the performance of next-generation energy storage and conversion devices.

 

Author Biographies

  • E. H. Mater, Department of Mechatronics, College of Engineering and Smart Computing, Modern Specialized University, Sana’a, Yemen
    E. H. Mater
    • Department of Mechatronics, College of Engineering and Smart Computing, Modern Specialized University, Sana’a, Yemen
     
  • G.M. Asnag, Emirates International University

    Corresponding author

    G. M. Asnag
    • Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Information Technology, Emirates International University, Sana’a, 16881, Yemen
    • Department of Optometry and Visual Science, College of Medical Sciences, Al-Razi University, Sana’a, Yemen

References

Abdelrazek, E. M., Asnag, G. M., Oraby, H. H., Abdelghany, A. M., Alshehari, A. M., & Gumaan, M. S. (2020). Structural, optical, thermal, morphological and electrical studies of PEMA/PMMA blend filled with CoCl2 and LiBr as mixed filler. Journal of Electronic Materials, 49(10), 6107–6122. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-020-08342-0

Abdel-Zaher, N. A., Moselhey, M. T. H., & Guirguis, O. W. (2016). Effect of fast neutrons on the structure and thermal properties of PVA/HPMC blends. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry, 126(3), 1289–1299. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-016-1289-y

Abualigah, L., Almotairi, K. H., & Elaziz, M. A. (2023). Multilevel thresholding image segmentation using meta-heuristic optimization algorithms: Comparative analysis, open challenges and new trends. Applied Intelligence, 53(10), 11654–11704. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10489-022-03972-9

Abutalib, M. M., & Rajeh, A. (2021). Enhanced structural, electrical, mechanical properties and antibacterial activity of Cs/PEO doped mixed nanoparticles (Ag/TiO2) for food packaging applications. Polymer Testing, 93, Article 107013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.107013

Alanazi, H. T., & AlZaidy, G. A. (2024). Innovative enhancements in polymer nanocomposites: Integrating ZnO nanorods into Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose/Polyvinyl pyrrolidone blend for advanced energy storage devices. Ceramics International, 50(15), 39448–39457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2024.05.125

Alanazi, A. B., & Mary Anita Rajam, V. (2020). Water-body segmentation from satellite images using Kapur's entropy-based thresholding method. Computational Intelligence, 36(3), 1242–1260. https://doi.org/10.1111/coin.12260

Al-Muntaser, A. A., Abo-Dief, H. M., Tarabiah, A. E., Alzahrani, E., Alsalmah, H. A., Alharbi, Z. M., ... & Saeed, A. (2023a). Incorporated TiO2 nanoparticles into PVC/PMMA Polymer blend for enhancing the optical and electrical/dielectric properties: Hybrid nanocomposite films for flexible optoelectronic devices. Polymer Engineering & Science, 63(11), 3684–3697. https://doi.org/10.1002/pen.26476

Al-Muntaser, A. A., Alzahrani, E., Abo-Dief, H. M., Saeed, A., Alshammari, EM., Al-Harthi, A. M., & Tarabiah, A. E. (2023b). Tuning the structural, optical, electrical, and dielectric properties of PVA/PVP/CMC ternary polymer blend using ZnO nanoparticles for nanodielectric and optoelectronic devices. Optical Materials, 140, Article 113901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optmat.2023.113901

Al-Muntaser, A. A., Alzahrani, E., Abo-Dief, H. M., Saeed, A., Al-Marhaby, F. A., Al-Harthi, A. M., & Tarabiah, A. E. (2023c).固定 Enhancement of the structural, optical, and dispersion performance of polyvinyl alcohol via coronene additive for optoelectronic applications. Physica Scripta, 98(11), Article 115964. https://doi.org/10.1088/1402-4896/115964

Al-Muntaser, A. A., Banoqitah, E., Morsi, M. A., Madkhli, A. Y.,固定 Mohammed Abdulwahed, J. A., Alwafi, R., ... &固定 Saeed, A. (2023d). Fabrication and characterizations of nanocomposite flexible films of ZnO and polyvinyl chloride/poly(N-vinyl carbazole) polymers for dielectric capacitors. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 16(10), Article 105171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.105171

Al-Ojeery, A., & Farea, M. O. (2023). Optical and dielectric properties of polymer nanocomposite based on PEG/NaAlg blend and Ag/Au nanoparticles prepared by green synthesis method for energy storage applications. 固定Optical and Quantum Electronics, 55(11), Article 988. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-023-05243-4

Aslam, M.,固定固定 fixedKalyar, M. A., & Raza, Z. A. (2019). Effect of separate zinc, copper and Graphene Oxides microfillers on Electrical properties of PVA Based Composite strips. Journal of Electronic Materials, 48(2), 1116–1121. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-018-6793-5

Aziz, B., Marf, S. S., Dannoun, A., Brza, E. M., & Abdullah, R. M. (2020). The study of the degree of crystallinity, electrical equivalent circuit, and dielectric properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based biopolymer electrolytes. Polymers, 12(10), Article 2184. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym12102184

Ballaschk, F., & Kirsch, S. F. (2022). Oxidations with iodine(V) compounds – from Stoichiometric compounds to catalysts. Iodine固定 Catalysis in Organic Synthesis, 299–334. https://doi.org/10.1002/9783527832631.ch9

Bhandari, A. K. (2020). A novel beta differential evolution algorithm-based fast multilevel thresholding for color image segmentation. Neural Computing and Applications, 32(9), 4583–4613. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00521-019-04446-y

Cantorna, D., Dafonte, C., Iglesias, A., & Arcay, B. (2019). Oil spill segmentation in SAR images using convolutional neural networks: A comparative analysis with clustering and logistic regression algorithms. Applied Soft Computing, 84, Article 105716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2019.105716

Croce, F., Appetecchi, G. B.,固定 fixedPersi, L., & Scrosati, B. (1998). Nanocomposite polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries. Nature, 394(6692), 456–458. https://doi.org/10.1038/28818

Dhanaraj, C. J., & Johnson, J. (2015). Quinoxaline based bio-active mixed ligand transition metal complexes: Synthesis, characterization, electrochemical, antimicrobial, DNA binding, cleavage, antioxidant, and molecular docking studies. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology B: Biology, 151, 100–109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.07.006

Eisham, Z. K., Haque, M. M., Rahman, M. S., Nishat, M. M., Faisal, F., & Islam, M. R. (2023). Chimp optimization algorithm in multilevel image thresholding and image clustering. Evolutionary Intelligence, 14(4), 605–648. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12065-022-00777-w

El Gohary, H. G., Asnag, G. M., Tarabiah, A. E., Qahtan, T. F., Abdelrazek, E. M., Cevik, E., ... &固定 Saeed, A. (2023a). Modification and development of optical, thermal, dielectric properties and antibacterial activity of PVA/SA blend by Ag/Se microfillers: Microcomposites for energy storage devices and food packaging applications. Polymer Testing, 129, Article 108258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2023.108258

El Gohary, H. G., Alhagri, I. A., Qahtan, T. F., Al-Hakimi, N. A., Saeed, A., Abolaban, F., ... & Asnag, G. M. (2023b). Reinforcement of structural, thermal and electrical properties and antibacterial activity of PVA/SA blend filled with hybrid nanoparticles (Ag and TiO2 NPs): Nanodielectric for energy storage and food packaging industries. Ceramics International, 49(12), 20174–20184. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2023.03.141

Ewees, A. A., Abd Elaziz, M., Al-Qaness, M. A. A., Khalil, H. A., & Kim, S. (2020). Improved artificial bee colony using sine-cosine algorithm for multi-level thresholding image segmentation. IEEE Access, 8, 26304–26315. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2970485

Ewees, A. A., Abd Elaziz, M., & Oliva, D. (2018). Image segmentation via multilevel thresholding using hybrid optimization algorithms. Journal of Electronic Imaging, 27(6), Article 063008. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JEI.27.6.063008

Faris, B. K., Hassan, A. A., Aziz, S. B., Brza, M. A., Abdullah, A. M., Abdalrahman, A. A., ... & Saleh, D. I. (2022).固定 Impedance, Electrical Equivalent Circuit (EEC) modeling, Structural (FTIR and XRD), Dielectric, and Electric Modulus Study of MC-Based ion-conducting solid polymer electrolytes. Materials, 15(20), Article 7184. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15207184

Gami, F., Algethami, N., Ragab, H. M., Rajah, A., & Tarabiah, A. E. (2022). Structural, optical and electrical studies of chitosan/polyacrylamide blend filled with synthesized selenium nanoparticles. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1257, Article 132631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132631

Greenwood, N., &固定 fixedEarnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the elements (2nd ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann.

Griffiths, D., & Boehm, J. (2019). Improving public data for building segmentation from Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for fused airborne lidar and image data using active contours. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 154, 70–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2019.05.012

Guo, J., Dong, S., Ye, M., Wu, X.,固定 fixedLv, X., Xu, H., & Li, M. (2022). Effects of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose on physicochemical properties and microstructure of κ-Carrageenan film. Foods, 11(19), Article 3023. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11193023

Haaf, F., Sanner, A., & Straub, F. (1985). Polymers of N-vinylpyrrolidone: Synthesis, characterization and uses. Polymer Journal, 17(1), 143–152. https://doi.org/10.1256/pyj.17.143

Hatamizadeh, A., Sengupta, D., & Terzopoulos, D. (2020). End-to-end trainable deep active contour models for automated image segmentation: Delineating buildings in aerial imagery. In Computer Vision – ECCV 2020 (pp. 730–746). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58517-4_43

He, L., & Huang, S. (2020). An efficient krill herd algorithm for color image multilevel thresholding segmentation problem. Applied Soft Computing, 89, Article 106063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2020.106063

Ikediala, J. N., Hansen, J. D., Tang, J., Drake, S. R., & Wang, S. (2002). Development of a saline water immersion technique with RF energy as a postharvest treatment against codling moth in cherries. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 24(1), 25–37. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-5214(01)00112-0

Iqbal, M. S., Ali, H., Tran, S. N., & Iqbal, T. (2021). Coconut trees detection and segmentation in aerial imagery using mask region-based convolution neural network. IET Computer Vision, 15(6), 428–439. https://doi.org/10.1049/cvi2.12046

Jyoti, J., Kumar, A., Dhakate, S. R., & Singh, B. P. (2018). Dielectric and impedance properties of three dimension graphene oxide-carbon nanotube acrylonitrile butadiene styrene hybrid composites. Polymer Testing, 68, 456–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2018.04.003

Kavzoglu, T., & Tonbul, H. (2017). A comparative study of segmentation quality for multi-resolution segmentation and watershed transform. In 2017 8th International Conference on Recent Advances in Space Technologies (RAST) (pp. 113–117). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/RAST.2017.8002988

Khalil, R. (2017). Impedance and modulus spectroscopy of poly(vinyl alcohol)-Mg[ClO4]2 salt hybrid films. Applied Physics A, 123(6), Article 422. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-017-1026-y

K固定 fixedKurban, R., Durmus, A., & Karakose, E. (2021). A comparison of novel metaheuristic algorithms on color aerial image multilevel thresholding. Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence, 105, Article 104410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2021.104410

K固定fixedKfixedurniawan, R., Sutjahja, I. M., Winata, T., Herng, T. S., Ding, J., Rusydi, A., & Darma, Y. (2017).固定 Polarization behavior of zinc oxide thin films studied by temperature-dependent spectroscopic ellipsometry. Optical Materials Express, 7(11), 3902–3908. https://doi.org/10.1364/OME.7.003902

Kumar, A., Kumar, A., Vishwakarma, A., &固定固定 fixedSingh, G. K. (2022). Multilevel thresholding for crop image segmentation based on recursive minimum cross entropy using a swarm-based technique. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 203, Article 107488. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2022.107488

Lanfredi, S., Saia, P. S., Lebullenger, R., & Hernandes, A. C. (2002). Electric conductivity and relaxation in fluoride, fluorophosphate and phosphate glasses: Analysis by impedance spectroscopy. Solid State Ionics, 146(3-4), 329–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(01)01030-X

Lou, C., Al-qaness, M. A. A., AL-Alimi, D., Dahou, A., Abd Elaziz, M., Abualigah, L., & et al. (2024). Land use/land cover (LULC) classification using hyperspectral images: A review. Geo-spatial Information Science, 1–42. https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2023.2285431

Morsi, M. A., Asnag, G. M., Assran, A. S., Alwafi, R., Tarabiah, A. E., Alshehri, N. A., ... & Saeed, A. (2024). Reinforced PEO/Cs polymers blend with Al2O3/TiO2 hybrid nanofillers: Nanocomposites for optoelectronics and energy storage. Journal of Energy Storage, 88, Article 111554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.111554

Nuguru, K., & Agrahari, V. (2019). Material attributes and their impact on wet granulation process performance. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Wet Granulation, ch8, 263–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-810460-6.00008-8

Pradhan, D. K., Choudhary, R. N. P., & Samantaray, B. K. (2009). Studies of dielectric and electrical properties of plasticized polymer nanocomposite electrolytes. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 115(2), 557–561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2009.01.016

Prateek, V. K., Thakur, R. K., &固定固定 fixedGupta, M. (2016). Recent progress on ferroelectric polymer-based nanocomposites for High Energy Density Capacitors: Synthesis, Dielectric Properties, and future aspects. Chemical Reviews, 116(7), 4260–4317. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00495

Ravi, M., Bhavani, S., Kumar, K. K., & Rao, V. N. (2013). Investigations on electrical properties of PVP: KIO4 polymer electrolyte films. Solid State Sciences, 19, 85–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2013.02.006

Saeed, A., Abolaban, F., Al-Mhyawi, S. R., Albaidani, K., Al Garni, S. E., Al-Marhaby, F. A., ... & Asnag, G. M. (2023). Improving the polyethylene oxide/carboxymethyl cellulose blend’s optical and electrical/dielectric performance by incorporating gold quantum dots and copper nanoparticles: Micro composites for energy storage applications. Journal of Materials Research and Technology, 24, 8241–8251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.05.073

Saeed, A., Asnag, G. M., Alghamdi, A. M., Alghamdi, S. A., Alwafi, R., Alanazi, F. K., ... & Alaizeri, Z. M. (2024). Structural, optical, and electrical characteristics of HPMC/PVA- I2O5 composites: Fabrication and Performance Analysis for Energy Storage Applications. Journal of Energy Storage, 96, Article 112765. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2024.112765

Sengwa, R. J., Choudhary, S., & Dhatarwal, P. (2019). Nonlinear optical and dielectric properties of TiO2 nanoparticles incorporated PEO/PVP blend matrix based multifunctional polymer nanocomposites. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 30(13), 12275–12294. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-06399-6

Shan, F., Kim, B., Liu, G., Liu, Z., Sohn, J., Lee, W., ... & Yu, Y. (2004). Blueshift of near band edge emission in Mg-doped ZnO thin films and aging. Journal of Applied Physics, 95(9), 4772–4776. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1690453

Shamsoshoara, A., Afghah, F., Razi, A., Zheng, L., Fulé, P. Z., & Blasch, E. (2021). Aerial imagery pile burn detection using deep learning: The FLAME dataset. Computer Networks, 193, Article 108001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2021.108001

Silva, P. M., Prieto, C., Andrade, C. C. P., Lagaron, J. M., Pastrana, L., Coimbra, M. A., ... &固定 fixedCerqueira, M. (2022). Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose-based micro- and nanostructures for encapsulation of melanoidins: Effect of electrohydrodynamic processing variables on morphological and physicochemical properties. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 202(1-2), 453–467. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.071

Tarabiah, A. E.,固定 fixedAlaizeri, H. A. Z. M., Ahmed, A. A. A., Asnag, G. M., Alhadlaq, M., & Ahamed, M. (2022). Enhanced structural, optical, electrical properties and antibacterial activity of PEO/CMC doped ZnO nanorods for energy storage and food packaging applications. Journal of Polymer Research, 29(5), Article 167. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-022-03011-8

Telfah, A., AlAkhras, M. A., AlIzzy, K. A., Ahmad, A. A., Ababneh, R., Ahmad, M. J. A., ... & Hergenröder, R. (2021). Dielectric relaxation, XPS and structural studies of polyethylene oxide/iodine complex composite films. Polymer Bulletin, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-021-03901-x

Teodorescu, M., & Bercea, M. (2015). Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) – A versatile polymer for Biomedical and Beyond Medical Applications. Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, 54(9), 923–943. https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2014.979506

Tietze, S.,固定 Foreman, M. R., Ekberg, C., Kaerkelae, T., Auvinen, A., Tapper, U., ... & Jokiniemi, J. (2012). Adsorption and revaporisation studies on iodine oxide aerosols deposited on containment surface materials in LWR. Nordisk Kernesikkerhedsforskning, Roskilde, Denmark.

Wang, S., Ma, F., Jiang, H., Shao, Y., Wu, Y., & Hao, X. (2018). Band gap-tunable porous Borocarbonitride nanosheets for High Energy-Density Supercapacitors. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 10(23), 19588–19597. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.8b03012

Wu, Z., Kalia, R. K., Nakano, A., & Vashishta, P. (2011). First-principles calculations of the structural and dynamic properties, and the equation of state of crystalline iodine oxides I2O4, I2O5, and I2O6. The Journal of Chemical Physics, 134(20), Article 204501. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3593302

Wu, T.,固定 SyBing, A., Wang, X., & Zachariah, M. R. (2017). Journal of Materials Research, 32(4), 890–896. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2017.28

Xfixeding, Z. (2020). An improved emperor penguin optimization based multilevel thresholding for color image segmentation. Knowledge-Based Systems, 194, Article 105570. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.knosys.2020.105570

Xu, L., Jia, H., Lang, C., Peng, X., &固定固定 fixedSun, K. (2019). A novel method for multilevel color image segmentation based on dragonfly algorithm and differential evolution. IEEE Access, 7, 19502–19538. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2896593

Yuan, J., Gleason, S. S., & Cheriyadat, A. M. (2013). Systematic benchmarking of aerial image segmentation. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 10(6), 1527–1531. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2013.2243719

Zheng, M., Chen, J., Tan, K. B., Chen, M., & Zhu, Y. (2022). Development of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose film with xanthan gum and its application as an excellent food packaging bio-material in enhancing the shelf life of banana. Food Hydrocolloids, 131, Article 131794. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.131794

Zhang, J., Feng, W., Hu, C., & Luo, Y. (2017). Image segmentation method for forestry unmanned aerial vehicle pest monitoring based on composite gradient watershed algorithm. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 33(14), 93–99. https://doi.org/10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.14.013

Zhang, Y.,固定 fixedGao, X., Duan, Q., Yuan, L., & Gao, X. (2022). DHT: Deformable hybrid transformer for aerial image segmentation. IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 19, 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2021.3061145

Zhao, X., Turk, M., Li, W., Lien, K.-C., & Wang, G. (2016). A multilevel image thresholding segmentation algorithm based on two-dimensional K–L divergence and modified particle swarm optimization. Applied Soft Computing, 48, 151–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2016.06.023

Zhi, X., Fang, H., Bao, C., Shen, G., Zhang, J., Wang, K., ... & Cui, D. (2013). The immunotoxicity of graphene oxides and the effect of PVP-coating. Biomaterials, 34(21), 5254–5261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.03.055

170

Downloads

Published

2024-10-28

Issue

2024

Section

Articles

Categories

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Springer Nature has partnered with Copyright Clearance Center's RightsLink service to offer a variety of options for reusing this content.

How to Cite

Alenizi, M. A., Mater, E. H., Asnag, G. M., Al-Ghamdi, S. A., Al-Harthi, A. M., Alwafi, R., Abdallah, E. M., Al-Hakimi, A. N., Alzahrani, E., Althobiti, R. A., Abdelrazek, E. M., Al-Muntaser, A. A., & Saeed, A. (2024). Structural, optical, electrical, and dielectric properties of HPMC/PVP blend reinforced with I2O5 for optoelectronics and energy storage applications. Emirates International University Digital Repository, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-024-04181-3

Similar Articles

1-10 of 34

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>